Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and methods of treatment.
But with pancreatitis, one thing remains unchanged: the old lifestyle and diet will remain in the past, because the basis for the treatment of pancreatitis is an almost lifelong diet.The pancreas does not forgive mistakes in nutrition, it immediately responds with pain and indigestion.
Pancreatitis Basics
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;It develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, damage to the liver and gall bladder, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - long-term fasting, dieting for weight loss.
The main symptoms of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, dagger-like, almost to the point of fainting in acute pancreatitis, or dull or painful in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- intestinal disorders, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
For acute pancreatitis, you are usually hospitalized.Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.Self-treatment during pancreatitis is dangerous due to the development of complications, including the development of pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic melting of glandular tissue, digestion of the gland itself) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis
Drug, enzyme and dietary therapy for pancreatitis is selected by the doctor based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain approximately the same.They give rest to digestion and pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Nutrition for pancreatitis is sharply limited - most of the usual foods will have to be forgotten.You need to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with an 8-hour sleep break.But the portions should be small - about 200-250 g, especially for the first time after an exacerbation of the disease.
All food undergoes mechanical processing - almost all of it is eaten pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but the food must be chewed thoroughly.
Since the whole body suffers due to insufficient supply of nutrients during pancreatitis,it is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - up to 140-150 g of protein per day on average.
However, fats and carbohydrates, which stress the pancreas too much, are limited as much as possible.Carbohydrates about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products with a juice effect are removed from the diet - meat and fish broths, cabbage juice and broth;during a severe painful attack, it is recommended to do therapeutic fasting for 1-2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you should drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2-3 sips of water approximately every half hour.
Of course, with pancreatitis, smoking and alcoholic beverages should be completely stopped.They are the most powerful provocateurs of seizures.
What should be excluded?
The list of prohibited products will be quite impressive and may be disappointing at first.But without following these restrictions, relief can take a very long time.Gradually, following the general principles of proper nutrition, you can carefully expand your diet.
So, for the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, you should exclude the following:
- beet soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, meat soups, mushroom and fish broths, broths themselves;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods;
- canned foods;
- sausage;
- oily fish (sturgeon, star sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty dairy foods - cream, sour cream, koumiss;
- yolk, boiled egg;
- millet, corn, barley, bean side dishes;
- cabbage, turnip, radish, rutabaga, eggplant, onion and garlic, sorrel, cucumber, tomato and bell pepper;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- hot potatoes, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only still);
- strong tea and coffee, juices, cocoa;
- all fresh bread and pastries, pancakes, cakes, shortbread.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this is only for the duration of a sharp process.Then you can gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about annoying and "heavy" foods almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the list of prohibitions.Of course, the diet is not very diverse, but it is aimed at maintaining rest for the pancreas and eliminating inflammation.
Allowed:
- dried yesterday's bread, crackers;
- vegetable, noodle soups;
- steamed meat dishes and poultry meat - cutlets, meatballs, rolls, pies, meat purees;
- boiled fish fillet (low fat), baked fish, omelette;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and soft cheese, kefir;
- vegetable and butter (in porridge) fats;
- vegetable puree and stew, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rose hip decoctions, herbal teas, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor, you will gradually expand the menu.
Sample menu
It should be remembered that this menu can be used at home when the exacerbation subsides;in the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and gradual food intake are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, the calorie content and digestive load are approximately equal.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip broth - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
The second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of tea with milk.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef cutlet - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dry white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half-baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, still mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, cheese sandwich (30 g of cheese, a piece of fried bread), weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
The third day
- Breakfast: pumpkin and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 croutons of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half-baked pear, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml compote.
- Dinner: broccoli soup - 200 ml, boiled meat, ground porridge - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
The fourth day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip broth - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelet - 100 g, baked sweet apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
The fifth day
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pcs., weak tea with milk, a piece of dark bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish cutlet - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rose hip broth - 200 ml, Maria cookies - 2 pieces.
- Afternoon snack: cooked fruit - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 crackers of white bread, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly follow the diet and follow all the instructions, you can get relief quickly.But a fairly strict diet with the restriction of "heavy" foods will last from 3 to 6 months.And then you will have to constantly limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.